Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research
JCVTR
Medical Sciences
http://journals.tbzmed.ac.ir/JCVTR
2008-5117
2008-6830
en
gregorian
2014
10
4
6
3
online
1
fulltext
en
2008-5117
2008-6830
10.15171/jcvtr.2014.009
Effects of Music on Cardiovascular Responses in Men with Essential Hypertension Compared with Healthy Men Based on Introversion and Extraversion
General
Original Article
Introduction: The present research investigated the effects of two different types of music on cardiovascular responses in essential hypertensive men in comparison with healthy men based on introversion and extraversion. Methods: One hundred and thirteen hypertensive men referred to Madani Heart Hospital in Tabriz completed the NEO-FFI Questionnaire and after obtaining acceptable scores were classified in four groups: introvert patients, extravert patients, introvert healthy subjects, and extravert healthy subjects (each group with 25 samples with age range 31-50). Baseline blood pressure and heart rate of each subject was recorded without any stimulus. Then subjects were exposed to slow-beat music and blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. After15 minute break, and a little cognitive task for distraction, subjects were exposed to fast-beat music and blood pressure and heart rate were recorded again. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test showed that extravert patient subjects obtained greater reduction in systolic blood pressure and heart rate after presenting slow-beat music compared with introvert patients (P= 0.035, and P= 0.033 respectively). And extravert healthy subjects obtained greater reduction in heart rate after presenting slow-beat music compared with introvert healthy subjects (P= 0.036). However, there are no significant differences between introvert and extravert groups in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate after presenting fast-beat music. Conclusion: Based on our results, introvert subjects experience negative emotions more than extravert subjects and negative emotions cause less change in blood pressure in these subjects compared with extravert subjects.
Music,Essential Hypertension,Introversion,Extraversion
185
189
http://journals.tbzmed.ac.ir/JCVTR/Abstract/JCVTR_1427_20140110215920
Hossein
Namdar
Mohammadreza
Taban Sadeghi
Hassan
Sabourimoghaddam
Babak
Sadeghi
Davoud
Ezzati